Teamplaid:Cite journal

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Citation Style 1 templates

{{Cite arXiv}}	arXiv preprints
{{Cite AV media}}	audio and visual media
{{Cite AV media notes}}	AV media liner notes
{{Cite bioRxiv}}	bioRxiv preprints
{{Cite book}}	books and chapters
{{Cite citeseerx}}	CiteSeerX papers
{{Cite conference}}	conference papers
{{Cite encyclopedia}}	edited collections
{{Cite episode}}	radio or TV episodes
{{Cite interview}}	interviews
{{Cite journal}}	academic journals
{{Cite magazine}}	magazines, periodicals
{{Cite mailing list}}	public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}	maps
{{Cite news}}	news articles
{{Cite newsgroup}}	online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}	podcasts
{{Cite press release}}	press releases
{{Cite report}}	reports
{{Cite serial}}	audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}	signs, plaques
{{Cite speech}}	speeches
{{Cite ssrn}}	SSRN papers
{{Cite techreport}}	technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}	theses
{{Cite web}}	web sources not covered by the above
See also	Specific-source templates Wrapper templates

This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for academic and scientific papers and journals. For articles in magazines and newsletters, use {{Cite magazine}}. If you have a digital object identifier (DOI) for the journal reference you wish to add, Wikipedia has a citation bot which will read that DOI and expand it into a full reference with the author's name, journal name, date, volume, issue, pages, etc. You can view instructions on how to add this gadget to your Wikipedia preferences at User:Citation bot/use.

Ùsaid - Usage

Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as |isbn= have upper case aliases like |ISBN=, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then the page.

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format To cite a professional or scientific journal {{Cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=}} Vancouver system author style for a scientific journal {{Cite journal |vauthors= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date=}} or {{Cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= | name-list-format=vanc}} To cite a journal article with no credited author {{Cite journal |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=}} To cite an online article that has been archived {{Cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |url-status= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=}} To cite an article written in a foreign language {{Cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=}} To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription {{Cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |access-date= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |via= |quote=}}

Full parameter set in horizontal format

Full parameter set in horizontal format {{Cite journal |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |last3= |first3= |author-link3= |last4= |first4= |author-link4= |last5= |first5= |author-link5= |display-authors= |author-mask= |name-list-format= |last-author-amp= |date= |year= |orig-year= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editor3-last= |editor3-first= |editor3-link= |editor4-last= |editor4-first= |editor4-link= |editor5-last= |editor5-first= |editor5-link= |display-editors= |others= |title= |script-title= |trans-title= |url= |access-date= |url-access= |format= |department= |journal= |type= |series= |language= |edition= |location= |publisher= |publication-place= |publication-date= |volume= |issue= |page= |pages= |at= |nopp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |bibcode-access= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi= |doi-access= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archive-url= |archive-date= |url-status= |via= |layurl= |laysource= |laydate= |quote= |postscript= |ref=}}

Most commonly used parameters in vertical format

Most commonly used parameters in vertical format To cite a professional or scientific journal {{Cite journal | last = | first = | last2 = | first2 = | date = | title = | url = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | doi = | access-date = }} Vancouver system author style for a scientific journal {{Cite journal | vauthors = | date = | title = | url = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | doi = | pmc = | pmid = | access-date = }} or {{Cite journal | last1 = | first1 = | last2 = | first2 = | date = | title = | url = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | doi = | pmc = | pmid = | access-date = | name-list-format = vanc }} To cite a journal article with no credited author {{Cite journal | author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> | date = | title = | url = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | doi = | access-date = }} To cite an online article that has been archived {{Cite journal | last = | first = | date = | title = | url = | url-status = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | doi = | archive-url = | archive-date= | access-date = }} To cite a journal article written in a foreign language {{Cite journal | last = | first = | date = | title = | trans-title = | url = | language = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | doi = | access-date = }} To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription {{Cite journal | last1 = | first1 = | last2 = | first2 = | date = | title = | trans-title = | url = | url-status = | format = | language = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | doi = | archive-url = | archive-date = | access-date = | via = | url-access = | quote = }}

Full parameter set in vertical format

Full parameter set in vertical format Vertical list Prerequisites Brief instructions / notes {{Cite journal | last1 = | first1 = | author-link1 = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | last3 = | first3 = | author-link3 = | last4 = | first4 = | author-link4 = | last5 = | first5 = | author-link5 = | display-authors = | author-mask = | name-list-format = | last-author-amp = | date = | year = | orig-year = | editor1-last = | editor1-first = | editor1-link = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor2-link = | editor3-last = | editor3-first = | editor3-link = | editor4-last = | editor4-first = | editor4-link = | editor5-last = | editor5-first = | editor5-link = | display-editors = | others = | title = | script-title = | trans-title = | url = | url-status = | format = | url-access = | department = | journal = | type = | series = | language = | edition = | location = | publisher = | publication-place = | publication-date = | volume = | issue = | page = | pages = | at = | nopp = | arxiv = | asin = | bibcode = | biorxiv = | citeseerx = | doi = | doi-broken-date = | doi-access = | isbn = | issn = | jfm = | jstor = | jstor-access = | lccn = | mr = | oclc = | ol = | ol-access = | osti = | osti-access = | pmc = | pmid = | rfc = | ssrn = | zbl = | id = | archive-url = | archive-date = | access-date = | via = | registration = | subscription = | lay-url = | lay-source = | lay-date = | quote = | postscript = | ref = }}      last1    last1  last2    last2  last3    last3  last4    last4  last5                          editor1-last  editor2-last    editor2-last  editor3-last    editor3-last  editor4-last    editor4-last  editor5-last            title or script-title  archive-url  url  url                                              doi          jstor          ol    osti              url  archive-url  url                                                                                                                                                                                                 If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.

Eisimpleirean - Examples

Eisimpleirean - Examples Journal article {{Cite journal |last=Overpeck |first=J. T. |last2=Webb |first2=T. |last3=Prentice |first3=I. C. |date=January 1985 |title=Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: Dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs |journal=Quaternary Research |volume=23 |pages=87–108 |bibcode=1985QuRes..23...87O |doi=10.1016/0033-5894(85)90074-2}} Displays as: Overpeck, J. T.; Webb, T.; Prentice, I. C. (January 1985). "Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: Dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs". Quaternary Research. 23: 87–108. Bibcode:1985QuRes..23...87O. DOI:10.1016/0033-5894(85)90074-2. Vancouver style (common in biomedicine); see Citation Style Vancouver for specific templates {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bannen R, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright S, Mitchell J |date=2008 |title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins |url=http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/24/20/2339 |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=24 |issue=20 |pages=2339–2343 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450 |pmc=2562006 |pmid=18723523}} Displays as: Bannen R, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright S, Mitchell J (2008). "Optimal design of thermally stable proteins". Bioinformatics. 24 (20): 2339–2343. DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450. PMC 2562006. PMID 18723523. or {{Cite journal |last=Bannen |first=RM |last2=Suresh |first2=V |last3=Phillips |first3=GN Jr |last4=Wright |first4=SJ |last5=Mitchell |first5=JC |date=2008 |title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins |url=http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/24/20/2339 |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=24 |issue=20 |pages=2339–2343 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450 |pmc=2562006 |pmid=18723523 |name-list-format=vanc}} Displays as: Bannen RM, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright SJ, Mitchell JC (2008). "Optimal design of thermally stable proteins". Bioinformatics. 24 (20): 2339–2343. DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450. PMC 2562006. PMID 18723523. Include URL link to article, pre-print, or abstract. {{Cite journal |last=Aries |first=Myriam B. C. |last2=Newsham |first2=Guy R. |last-author-amp=yes |date=2008 |title=Effect of daylight saving time on lighting energy use: a literature review |url=http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/obj/irc/doc/pubs/nrcc49212/nrcc49212.pdf |journal=Energy Policy |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=1858–1866 |doi=10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.021 |access-date=October 18, 2013}} Displays as: Aries, Myriam B. C. & Newsham, Guy R. (2008). "Effect of daylight saving time on lighting energy use: a literature review" (PDF). Energy Policy. 36 (6): 1858–1866. DOI:10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.021. Retrieved October 18, 2013. If the linked document is PDF, but the extension is not .pdf or .PDF, you may add the parameter |format=PDF, which displays " (PDF)" after the link. Specify the DOI to provide a permanent link, and an URL where the article is free. For medical articles also give the PMID and PubMed Central (PMC) ID the PMC value will link the free full-text repository and will link the title if the URL is not specified. |access-date= is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used. {{Cite journal |last=Viollet |first=Benoît |last2=Andreelli |first2=Fabrizio |last3=Jørgensen |first3=Sebastian B. |last4=Perrin |first4=Christophe |last5=Geloen |first5=Alain |last6=Flamez |first6=Daisy |last7=Mu |first7=James |last8=Lenzner |first8=Claudia |last9=Baud |first9=Olivier |last10=Bennoun |first10=Myriam |last11=Gomas |first11=Emmanuel |last12=Nicolas |first12=Gaël |last13=Wojtaszewski |first13=Jørgen F. P. |last14=Kahn1 |first14=Axel |last15=Carling |first15=David |last16=Schuit |first16=Frans C. |last17=Birnbaum |first17=Morris J. |last18=Richter |first18=Erik A. |last19=Burcelin |first19=Rémy |last20=Vaulont |first20=Sophie |display-authors=5 |date=January 2003 |title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity |url=http://www.jci.org/articles/view/16567 |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=91–98 |doi=10.1172/JCI16567 |pmc=151837 |pmid=12511592 |access-date=2012-11-17}} Displays as: Viollet, Benoît; Andreelli, Fabrizio; Jørgensen, Sebastian B.; Perrin, Christophe; Geloen, Alain; et al. (January 2003). "The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 111 (1): 91–98. DOI:10.1172/JCI16567. PMC 151837. PMID 12511592. Retrieved 2012-11-17. Whereas if the URL had not been specified, then the title is linked to the PMC link, which is repeated: {{Cite journal |last=Viollet |first=Benoît |last2=Andreelli |first2=Fabrizio |last3=Jørgensen |first3=Sebastian B. |last4=Perrin |first4=Christophe |last5=Geloen |first5=Alain |last6=Flamez |first6=Daisy |last7=Mu |first7=James |last8=Lenzner |first8=Claudia |last9=Baud |first9=Olivier |last10=Bennoun |first10=Myriam |last11=Gomas |first11=Emmanuel |last12=Nicolas |first12=Gaël |last13=Wojtaszewski |first13=Jørgen F. P. |last14=Kahn1 |first14=Axel |last15=Carling |first15=David |last16=Schuit |first16=Frans C. |last17=Birnbaum |first17=Morris J. |last18=Richter |first18=Erik A. |last19=Burcelin |first19=Rémy |last20=Vaulont |first20=Sophie |display-authors=5 |date=January 2003 |title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=91–98 |doi=10.1172/JCI16567 |pmc=151837 |pmid=12511592}} Displays as: Viollet, Benoît; Andreelli, Fabrizio; Jørgensen, Sebastian B.; Perrin, Christophe; Geloen, Alain; et al. (January 2003). "The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 111 (1): 91–98. DOI:10.1172/JCI16567. PMC 151837. PMID 12511592. If the doi link is broken, then use of doi-broken-date unlinks the doi value, indicates when the doi-problem was first noticed, and will also add the page to "Category:Pages with DOIs inactive as of YYYY" (tracking category Category:Pages with inactive DOIs): {{Cite journal |last=Viollet |first=Benoît |last2=Andreelli |first2=Fabrizio |last3=Jørgensen |first3=Sebastian B. |last4=Perrin |first4=Christophe |last5=Geloen |first5=Alain |last6=Flamez |first6=Daisy |last7=Mu |first7=James |last8=Lenzner |first8=Claudia |last9=Baud |first9=Olivier |last10=Bennoun |first10=Myriam |last11=Gomas |first11=Emmanuel |last12=Nicolas |first12=Gaël |last13=Wojtaszewski |first13=Jørgen F. P. |last14=Kahn1 |first14=Axel |last15=Carling |first15=David |last16=Schuit |first16=Frans C. |last17=Birnbaum |first17=Morris J. |last18=Richter |first18=Erik A. |last19=Burcelin |first19=Rémy |last20=Vaulont |first20=Sophie |display-authors=5 |date=January 2003 |title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=111 |issue=1 |pages=91–98 |doi=10.1172/JCI16567 |doi-broken-date=2019-01-01 |pmc=151837 |pmid=12511592}} Displays as: Viollet, Benoît; Andreelli, Fabrizio; Jørgensen, Sebastian B.; Perrin, Christophe; Geloen, Alain; et al. (January 2003). "The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 111 (1): 91–98. DOI:10.1172/JCI16567 (inactive 2019-01-01). PMC 151837. PMID 12511592. If the article is in a foreign language, and the original title is unknown, enclose the translated title in square brackets and use |title=. Otherwise use |title= for the foreign-language title and |trans-title= for the English-language title. {{Cite journal |last=Huang |first=Y. |last2=Lu |first2=J. |last3=Shen |first3=Y. |last4=Lu |first4=J. |last-author-amp=yes |date=March 1999 |title=[The protective effects of total flavonoids from Lycium Barbarum L. on lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and red blood cell in rats] |journal=Wei Sheng Yan Jiu |language=Chinese |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=115–116 |pmid=11938998}} Displays as: Huang, Y.; Lu, J.; Shen, Y. & Lu, J. (March 1999). "[The protective effects of total flavonoids from Lycium Barbarum L. on lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and red blood cell in rats]". Wei Sheng Yan Jiu (in Chinese). 28 (2): 115–116. PMID 11938998.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Example using other identifiers {{Cite journal |last=Merimovich |first=C. |date=2007 |title=A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere |journal=Journal of Symbolic Logic |volume=72 |issue=2 |pages=361–417 |doi=10.2178/jsl/1185803615 |mr=2320282}} Displays as: Merimovich, C. (2007). "A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 72 (2): 361–417. DOI:10.2178/jsl/1185803615. MR 2320282.

Paramadairean - Parameters

Paramadairean - Parameters Co-chàradh - Syntax Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters: parent OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used) OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used) Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show. By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.). COinS This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text: use |date=27 September 2007 not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September) Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example &nbsp;, &ndash;, etc, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata. Do not include Wiki markup '' (italic font) or ''' (bold font) because these markup characters will contaminate the metadata. COinS metadata is created for these parameters Note: This table of metadata is displayed for all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. Please refer to each template's documentation for a full list of supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies. |periodical=, |journal=, |newspaper=, |magazine=, |work=, |website=, |encyclopedia=, |encyclopaedia=, |dictionary= |chapter=, |contribution=, |entry=, |article=, |section= |title= |publication-place=, |publicationplace=, |place=, |location= |date=, |year=, |publication-date=, |publicationdate= |series=, |version= |volume=, |issue=, |number= |page=, |pages=, |at= |edition= |publisher=, |distributor=, |institution= |url=, |chapter-url=, |chapterurl=, |contribution-url=, |contributionurl=, |section-url=, |sectionurl= |author#=, |author-last#=, |author#-last=, |last#=, |surname#= |author-first#=, |author#-first=, |first#=, |given#= any of the named identifiers: |isbn=, |issn=, |doi=, |pmc=, etc. What's new What's new or changed recently Parameter New or changed param sbn= identifier parameter for Standard Book Numbers s2cid= identifier parameter for Semantic Scholar corpus ID s2cid-access= s2cid= Deprecated Deprecated parameters Description Authors last: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use last or one of its aliases (e.g. |author=Bono). Aliases: surname, author, last1, surname1, author1. author: this parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single author (first and last) or to hold the name of a corporate author. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. first: Given or first names of author; for example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. Aliases: given, first1, given1. Requires last; first name will not display if last is empty. OR: for multiple authors, use last1, first1 through lastn, firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each firstn requires a corresponding lastn, but not the other way around). See the display parameters to change how many authors are displayed. Aliases: surname1, given1 through surnamen, givenn, or author1 through authorn. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use |first1=...|last1=...|author2=.... author-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: author-link1, authorlink, authorlink1, author1-link, author1link. OR: for multiple authors, use author-link1 through author-linkn. Aliases: authorlink1 through authorlinkn, or author1-link through authorn-link, or author1link through authornlink. name-list-format: displays authors and editors in Vancouver style when set to vanc and when the list uses last/first parameters for the name list(s). vauthors: comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses: |vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)) author-link and author-mask may be used for the individual names in |vauthors= as described above authors: Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of last. translator-last: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-surname, translator1, translator1-last, translator-last1. translator-first: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-given, translator1-first, translator-first1. OR: for multiple translators, use translator-last1, translator-first1 through translator-lastn, translator-firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each translator-firstn requires a corresponding translator-lastn, but not the other way around). Aliases: translator1-last, translator1-first through translatorn-last, translatorn-first, or translator1 through translatorn. translator-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: translator-link1, translator1-link. OR: for multiple translators, use translator-link1 through translator-linkn. Aliases: translator1-link through translatorn-link. collaboration: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires author, last, or vauthors listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list. others: To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, write Illustrated by John Smith. Note: When using shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link. Date date: Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Required when year is used to disambiguate {{Sfn}} links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year. [more Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.. For acceptable date formats, see :w:en:Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates. For approximate year, precede with "c. ", like this: |date=c. 1900. For no date, or "undated", use |date=n.d. Automatic date formatting: Citation Style 1 and 2 templates, including this template, automatically render dates in date parameters (|date=, |access-date=, |archive-date=, etc.) in the style specified by the article's {{Use dmy dates}} or {{Use mdy dates}} template. See those templates' documentation for details. year: Year of source being referenced. Use of |date= is recommended unless all of the following conditions are met: The |date= format is YYYY-MM-DD. The citation requires a CITEREF disambiguator. orig-year: Original publication year; displays in square brackets after the date (or year). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: |orig-year=First published 1859 or |orig-year=Composed 1904. Alias: origyear}} df: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these: dmy – set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified; mdy – as above for month day, year format ymd – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD dmy-all – set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format; mdy-all – as above for month day, year format ymd-all – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD Editors editor-last: surname of editor. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply use editor-last to include the same format as the source. Aliases: editor-last1, editor1-last, editor-surname, editor-surname1, editor1-surname, editor, editor1. editor: This parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor. editor-first: given or first names of editor, including title(s); example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use editor-link instead. Aliases: editor-first1, editor1-first, editor-given, editor-given1, editor1-given. OR: for multiple editors, use editor-last1, editor-first1 through editor-lastn, editor-firstn (Aliases: editorn-last, editor-surnamen or editorn-surname; editorn-first, editor-givenn or editorn-given; editorn). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use |editor-first1=...|editor-last1=... |editor2=.... editor-link: title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: editor-link1. OR: for multiple editors, use editor-link1 through editor-linkn (alias editorn-link). name-list-format: displays authors and editors in Vancouver style when set to vanc and when the list uses last/first parameters for the name list(s) veditors: comma separated list of editor names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional names in doubled parentheses: |veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)) editor-linkn and editor-maskn may be used for the individual names in |veditors=, as described above editors: free-form list of editor names; use of this parameter is discouraged; not an alias of editor-last Display: Use display-editors to control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included. If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work. If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds." Title (See also Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters.) title: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes. If script-title is defined, title holds a Romanization of title in script-title. script-title: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in title. May be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script: ... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ... trans-title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after title; if url is defined, then trans-title is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended. Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded. newline [ ] | space &#91; &#93; {{!}} (preferred) {{Bracket|text}} &#124; or {{pipe}} – see also :w:en:Help:Table § Rendering the pipe title-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink. Alias: titlelink. type: Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, Accepted manuscript, CD liner, Press release. Alias: medium. language: A comma-separated list of the languages in which the source is written, as either the ISO 639 language code (preferred) or the full language name, e.g. |language=fr, pt-br or |language=French, Portuguese. See the list of supported codes and names. Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Roinn-seòrsa:CS1 foreign language sources. Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, use of language codes is preferred so that languages render in the correct language and form: espagnol at a French-language wiki instead of 'Spanish'. Aliases: lang URL url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication named by title can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. #ixzz2rBr3aO94 or ?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=.... For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, see WP:PAGELINKS. Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon; use |isbn= or |oclc= to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message. access-date: Full date when the content pointed to by url was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires url; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. Not required for linked documents that do not change. For example, access-date is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see WP:CITEWEB. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers, published books, or news articles with publication dates. Note that access-date is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See "Automatic date formatting" above for details about interaction with {{Use dmy dates}} and {{Use mdy dates}}. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors. Alias: accessdate. archive-url: The URL of an archived snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as Internet Archive (see Using the Wayback Machine), WebCite (see Using WebCite) and archive.is (see Using archive.is); requires archive-date and url. By default (overridden by |url-status=live) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: archiveurl. archive-date: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates. Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See "Automatic date formatting" above for details about interaction with {{Use dmy dates}} and {{Use mdy dates}}. Alias: archivedate. url-status: this optional parameter is ignored if archive-url is not set. If omitted, or with null value, the default value is |url-status=dead. When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set |url-status=live; this changes the display order, with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end. When the original URL has been usurped for the purposes of spam, advertising, or is otherwise unsuitable, setting |url-status=unfit or |url-status=usurped suppresses display of the original URL (but |url= and |archive-url= are still required). archive-format: File format of the work referred to by archive-url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. See [[:en:w:{{{1}}}|{{{1}}}]] url-access: See Access indicators for url-holding parameters template-doc-demo: The archive parameters will be error-checked to ensure that all the required parameters are included, or else {{citation error}} is invoked. With errors, main, help and template pages are placed into one of the subcategories of . Set |template-doc-demo=true to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated. Alias: no-cat. format: File format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. (For media format, use type.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. See [[:en:w:{{{1}}}|{{{1}}}]] URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http:// and https:// will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto: and news: may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported. If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with: sp " ' < > [ ] { | } %20 %22 %27 %3c %3e %5b %5d %7b %7c %7d Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion. Periodical work (required by {{Cite journal}} and {{Cite magazine}}): Name of the work containing the source; may be wikilinked if relevant. Displays in italics. Aliases: journal, newspaper, magazine, periodical, website. Use Latin script. For languages written in non-Latin based scripts (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Indic, Japanese, Korean, etc.) use a standard Romanization in this field. script-work: Work title in its original, non-Latin script; not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined in work. Must be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script. Leave empty for Latin-based scripts (Czech, French, Turkish, Vietnamese, etc.). Aliases: script-journal, script-newspaper, script-magazine, script-periodical, script-website. trans-work: English translation of the work title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after work or script-work. Aliases: trans-journal, trans-newspaper, trans-magazine, trans-periodical, trans-website. ... |work=Zhōngguó piàofáng |script-work=zh:中国票房 |trans-work=China Box Office ... issue: When the publication is one of a series that is published periodically. Alias: number. When the issue has a special title of its own, this may be given, in italics, along with the issue number, e.g. |issue=2, ''Modern Canadian Literature''. Displayed in parentheses following volume. department: Title of a regular department, column, or section within the periodical or journal. Examples include "Communication", "Editorial", "Letter to the Editor", and "Review". Displays after title and is in plain text. When set, work changes the formatting of other parameters in the same citation: title is not italicized and is enclosed in quotes. chapter does not display (and will produce an error message). Publisher publisher: Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. The publisher is the company that publishes the work being cited. Do not use the publisher parameter for the name of a work (e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishes The New York Times newspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays after title. place: For news stories with a dateline, that is, the location where the story was written. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias: location publication-place: Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place; examples: The Boston Globe, The Times of India. Displays after the title. If only one of publication-place, place, or location is defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; if publication-place and place or location are defined, then place or location is shown before the title prefixed with "written at" and publication-place is shown after the title. publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined, then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis. via: Name of the content deliverer (if different from publisher). via is not a replacement for publisher, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer presents the source in a format other than the original (e.g. NewsBank), when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution. See the access level parameters to display access restrictions. Edition, series, volume edition: When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string " ed." after the field, so |edition=2nd produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined. series or version: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted. volume: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the title and series fields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37); volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase roman numerals, or less than five characters will appear in bold. Any non-numeric value of five or more characters will be presumed to follow some other convention and will not appear in bold. In-source locations page: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Displays preceded by p. unless |nopp=y or work (or an alias) is defined. If hyphenated, use {{Hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g. |page=3{{hyphen}}12), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert |page=3-12 to |pages=3{{ndash}}12. OR: pages: A range of pages in the source that supports the content. Use either |page= or |pages=, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by colon (:) unless |nopp=y or work (or an alias) is defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use double parentheses to tell the template to display the value of |pages= without processing it, and use {{Hyphen}} to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended: |pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15)). Alternatively, use |at=, like this: |at=pp. 3-1&ndash;3-15. nopp: Set to y, yes, or true to suppress the p. or pp. notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where |page=Front cover or |pages=passim. OR: at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by |page= or |pages=. Use only one of |page=, |pages=, or |at=. Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (Para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse. Identifiers id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable. For example, |id=NCJ 122967 will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as |id={{NCJ|122967}} to append NCJ 122967 instead. These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. |rfc=822 or |pmc=345678. When an URL is equivalent to the link produced by the corresponding identifier (such as a DOI), don't add it to any URL parameter but use the appropriate identifier parameter, which is more stable and may allow to specify the access status. The |url= parameter or title link can then be used for its prime purpose of providing a convenience link to an open access copy (as in, at least accessible to everyone for free) which would not otherwise be obviously accessible. arxiv: arXiv identifier; for example: |arxiv=hep-th/9205027 (before April 2007) or |arxiv=0706.0001 (April 2007 – December 2014) or |arxiv=1501.00001 (since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases: eprint. asin: Amazon Standard Identification Number; if first character of asin value is a digit, use isbn. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example |asin=B00005N5PF. Aliases: ASIN. asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: au, br, ca, cn, co.jp, co.uk, de, es, fr, it, mx. Aliases: none. bibcode: bibcode; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: 1974AJ.....79..819H. Aliases: none. biorxiv: bioRxiv id, a 6-digit number at the end of the biorXiv URL (e.g. 078733 for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/078733). Aliases: none. citeseerx: CiteSeerX id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g. 10.1.1.176.341 for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341). Aliases: none. doi: Digital object identifier; for example: 10.1038/news070508-7. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.). Aliases: DOI, Doi. doi-broken: Date the DOI was found to be non-working at https://dx.doi.org. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: doi-broken-date, doi-inactive-date. eissn: International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example |eissn=1557-2986. Aliases: EISSN. hdl: Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example |hdl=20.1000/100. Aliases: HDL. isbn: International Standard Book Number; for example: 978-0-8126-9593-9. (See Wikipedia:ISBN and :w:en:Wikipedia:ISBN § Overview.) Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, use . Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISBN, isbn13, ISBN13. ignore-isbn-error: In very rare cases, actually used ISBNs (as printed on books) do not follow the standard checksum algorithm. In order to suppress the error message, the |ignore-isbn-error=true parameter can be used to disable the checksum check in these cases. If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the ISBN instead of overriding the error message. Aliases: ignoreisbnerror. ismn: International Standard Music Number; for example: 979-0-9016791-7-7. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases: ISMN. issn: International Standard Serial Number; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example |issn=2049-3630. Aliases: ISSN. jfm: Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik example |jfm=53.0144.01. Aliases JFM. jstor: JSTOR reference number; for example: |jstor=3793107 will generate JSTOR 3793107. Aliases: JSTOR. LCCN: Library of Congress Control Number. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case; example |lccn=2004042477. Aliases: lccn. MR: Mathematical Reviews; example |mr=630583. Aliases: mr. OCLC: OCLC; WorldCat's Online Computer Library Center; example |oclc=9355469. Aliases: oclc. ol: Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example |ol=7030731M. Aliases: OL. OSTI: Office of Scientific and Technical Information; example |osti=4367507. Aliases: osti. PMC: PubMed Central; use article number for open repository full-text of a journal article, e.g. |pmc=345678. Do not include "PMC" in the value. See also the PMID parameter, below; these are two different identifiers.. Aliases: pmc. embargo: Date that PMC goes live; if this date is in the future, then PMC is not linked until that date. Aliases: none. PMID: PubMed; use unique identifier; example |pmid=17322060 See also the PMC parameter, above; these are two different identifiers. Aliases: pmid. RFC: Request for Comments; example |rfc=3143. Aliases: rfc. : Standard Book Number; example |sbn=356-02201-3. Aliases: . SSRN: Social Science Research Network; example |ssrn=1900856. Aliases: ssrn. : Semantic Scholar corpus ID; example |s2cid=37220927. Aliases: . ZBL: Zentralblatt MATH Zentralblatt MATH example |zbl=0472.53010 For zbMATH search results like JFM 35.0387.02 use |jfm=35.0387.02. Aliases zbl. Subscription or registration required Tracked in Phabricator Task T225430 Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal the access restrictions of the external links included in a citation. Nota bene Nota bene access icons do not display correctly for editors who use Modern skin. Four access levels can be used: access indicator for named identifiers: free: the source is free to read for anyone access indicators for url-holding parameters: registration: a free registration is required to access the source limited: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views) to freely access this source subscription: the source is only accessible via a paid subscription ("w:en:paywall") As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, these values are attributed to a particular external link. Access indicators for url-holding parameters Sources linked by |url=, |article-url=, |chapter-url=, |contribution-url=, |entry-url=, |map-url=, and |section-url= are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these url-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as free. url-holding and access-indicator parameters url access allowed keywords url= url-access= registration limited subscription article-url= article-url-access= chapter-url= chapter-url-access= contribution-url= contribution-url-access= entry-url= entry-url-access= map-url= map-url-access= section-url= section-url-access= Access indicator for named identifiers Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to be free-to-read, they may not be marked as limited, registration, or subscription. named-identifier and access-indicator parameters identifier access allowed keywords bibcode= bibcode-access= free doi= doi-access= hdl= hdl-access= jstor= jstor-access= ol= ol-access= osti= osti-access= s2cid= s2cid-access= Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named-identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters, the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are: |arxiv= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |pmc= |rfc= |ssrn= Lay summary lay-url: URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary". Alias: layurl. lay-source: Name of the source of the lay summary. Displays in italics and preceded by a spaced endash. Alias: laysource. lay-date: Date of the lay summary. Displays in parentheses. Alias: laydate. lay-format: File format of the work referred to by lay-url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after lay summary. HTML is implied and should not be specified. File format annotation is automatically rendered when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. See Using |format= Quote quote: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. Anchor ref: the citation's HTML anchor identifier, when different from its default. When set, |ref=ID generates an anchor with the given ID (the id= attribute in the citation's <cite id="ID"> HTML Tag). Setting |ref=ID identifies the template as a target and allows wikilinking to full references, especially useful with short-form citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with {{Sfn}} and {{Harvard citation}} templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair |ref=Harvard citation has no special meaning; |ref=Harvard citation may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set |ref=none. Aliases: none. See Template:Citation/documentation § Anchors for Harvard referencing templates. Display options mode: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For |mode=cs1, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (.); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For |mode=cs2, element separator is a comma (,); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). To override default terminal punctuation use postscript. author-mask: contributor-mask: editor-mask: interviewer-mask: translator-mask: Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text. Set <name>-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set <name>-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all names for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as shortened footnotes. Do not use in a list generated by {{Reflist}}, <references /> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g. |authorn-mask=) to apply the mask to a specific name. display-authors: Controls the number of author names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of authors, set display-authors to the desired number. For example, |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, all authors are displayed. |display-authors=etal displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: displayauthors. display-editors: Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example, |display-editors=2 will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed. |display-editors=etal displays all editors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: displayeditors. last-author-amp: Switches the separator between the last two names of the author list to space ampersand space ( & ) when set to y, yes, or true. Example: |last-author-amp=yes postscript: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none – leaving |postscript= empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text or templates beyond the terminating punctuation may generate an error message. |postscript= is ignored if quote is defined.

Nòtaichean - Notes

Although it may appear redundant to include multiple ids for articles, it is helpful for many editors who only have access to a certain resource. If only one ID is to be included, the DOI should be used, as this is the universal standard preferred by professional publications. Specifying a link as a DOI, PMID, etc. is always preferable to including it as a URL parameter, as it makes it clear that the link is accurate and stable, but not necessarily openly accessible. |access-date= is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used.

Faic cuideachd - Also see

• Citation-template-filling tool, can be used for DrugBank, HGNC, ISBN, PubMed, and PubChem

Citation Style 1

Wikipedia referencing

UF-COinS
This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.

Teamplaid-dàta - TemplateData

Teamplaid-dàta - TemplateData This is the WP:TemplateData documentation for this template used by WP:VisualEditor and other tools; see the monthly parameter usage report for this template. TemplateData for Cite journal This template formats a citation to an article in a magazine or journal, using the provided source information (e.g. journal name, author, title, issue, URL) and various formatting options. Paramadairean na teamplaide[Stiùirich an TemplateData] Is fhearr leis an teamplaid seo fòrmatadh nam paramadairean am broinn na loidhne. Paramadair Tuairisgeul Seòrsa Staid Last name last author author1 authors last1 The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors Loidhne molta First name first first1 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors Loidhne molta Author link author-link authorlink Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors Duilleag roghainneil Last name 2 last2 author2 The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'. Loidhne roghainneil First name 2 first2 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Author link 2 author-link2 author2-link authorlink2 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author. Duilleag roghainneil Last name 3 last3 author3 The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'. Loidhne roghainneil First name 3 first3 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Author link 3 author-link3 author3-link authorlink3 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author. Duilleag roghainneil Last name 4 last4 author4 The surname of the forth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'. Loidhne roghainneil First name 4 first4 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the forth author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Author link 4 author-link4 author4-link authorlink4 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the forth author. Duilleag roghainneil Last name 5 last5 author5 The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'. Loidhne roghainneil First name 5 first5 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Author link 5 author-link5 author5-link authorlink5 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author. Duilleag roghainneil Last name 6 last6 author6 The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'. Loidhne roghainneil First name 6 first6 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Author link 6 author-link6 author6-link authorlink6 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author. Duilleag roghainneil Last name 7 last7 author7 The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'. Loidhne roghainneil First name 7 first7 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Author link 7 author-link7 author7-link authorlink7 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author. Duilleag roghainneil Last name 8 last8 author8 The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'. Loidhne roghainneil First name 8 first8 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Author link 8 author-link8 author8-link authorlink8 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author. Duilleag roghainneil Last name 9 last9 author9 The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author. Loidhne roghainneil First name 9 first9 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Author link 9 author-link9 author9-link authorlink9 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author. Duilleag roghainneil Last name 10 last10 author10 The surname of the tenth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If ten authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last two authors. Loidhne roghainneil First name 10 first10 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the tenth author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Last name 11 last11 author11 The surname of the 11th author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If more than nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the remaining authors. Loidhne roghainneil First name 11 first11 Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 11th author; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Display authors displayauthors display-authors number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used; Àireamh roghainneil Author mask author-mask Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead Sreang roghainneil Last author ampersand last-author-amp lastauthoramp When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space' Booleach roghainneil Author separator author-separator Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as   Bun-roghainn ; Loidhne roghainneil Author name separator author-name-separator Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as   Bun-roghainn , Loidhne roghainneil Vancouver style authors vauthors comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses Loidhne roghainneil Source date date Date of the source; do not wikilink. As listed in the publication Ceann-là molta Year of publication year Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed Àireamh roghainneil Original year orig-year origyear Original year of publication; provide specifics Àireamh roghainneil Editor last name editor-last editor1-last The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor' Loidhne roghainneil Editor first name editor-first editor1-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first' Loidhne roghainneil Editor link editor-link Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link' Duilleag roghainneil Editor last name 2 editor2-last editor2 The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'. Loidhne roghainneil Editor first name 2 editor2-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Editor link 2 editor2-link editor2link editorlink2 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor. Duilleag roghainneil Editor last name 3 editor3-last editor3 The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'. Loidhne roghainneil Editor first name 3 editor3-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Editor link 3 editor3-link editor3link editorlink3 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor. Duilleag roghainneil Editor last name 4 editor4-last editor4 The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'. Loidhne roghainneil Editor first name 4 editor4-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Editor link 4 editor4-link editor4link editorlink4 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor. Duilleag roghainneil Editor last name 5 editor5-last editor5 The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'. Loidhne roghainneil Editor first name 5 editor5-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Editor link 5 editor5-link editor5link editorlink5 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor. Duilleag roghainneil Editor last name 6 editor6-last editor6 The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'. Loidhne roghainneil Editor first name 6 editor6-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Editor link 6 editor6-link editor6link editorlink6 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor. Duilleag roghainneil Editor last name 7 editor7-last editor7 The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'. Loidhne roghainneil Editor first name 7 editor7-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Editor link 7 editor7-link editor7link editorlink7 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor. Duilleag roghainneil Editor last name 8 editor8-last editor8 The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'. Loidhne roghainneil Editor first name 8 editor8-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Editor link 8 editor8-link editor8link editorlink8 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor. Duilleag roghainneil Editor last name 9 editor9-last editor9 The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'. Loidhne roghainneil Editor first name 9 editor9-first Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink. Loidhne roghainneil Editor link 9 editor9-link editor9link editorlink9 Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor. Duilleag roghainneil Others others Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith' Susbaint roghainneil Title title The title of the article; can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes. Susbaint riatanach Script title script-title For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:... Loidhne roghainneil Translated title trans-title An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended Susbaint roghainneil URL url URL The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the  protocol relative scheme "//..." Ball-eisimpleir https://www.nytimes.com/... Loidhne molta URL status url-status If set to 'live', the title displays with the URL linked; if set to 'dead', the title displays with the archive URL linked Loidhne roghainneil Format format Format of the work referred to by 'url' ('url' is required when using 'format'); examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML Susbaint roghainneil Department department Department within the periodical Sreang roghainneil Journal journal Name of the source journal; may be wikilinked; displays in italics; alias of 'work' Susbaint riatanach Chapter chapter The chapter heading of the source Sreang roghainneil Type type Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case Susbaint roghainneil Series series version Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal; alias of 'version' Susbaint roghainneil Language language The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates Susbaint roghainneil Edition edition When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.' Loidhne roghainneil Location of publication location Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place' Sreang roghainneil Publisher publisher Name of the publisher; displays after title Susbaint roghainneil Place of publication publication-place Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at' Susbaint roghainneil Publication date publication-date Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink Ceann-là roghainneil Volume volume For one publication published in several volumes Loidhne molta Issue issue Issue identifier when the source is part of a series that is published periodically Loidhne roghainneil Page page Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.' Loidhne roghainneil Pages pages Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.' Loidhne molta At at May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient Loidhne roghainneil No pp nopp Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover') Loidhne roghainneil arXiv identifier arxiv An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers Loidhne roghainneil ASIN asin Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters Loidhne roghainneil ASIN TLD asin-tld ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US Loidhne roghainneil Bibcode bibcode Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters Loidhne roghainneil biorXiv biorxiv biorXiv identifier; 6 digits Loidhne roghainneil CiteSeerX citeseerx CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter Loidhne roghainneil DOI doi Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.' Sreang roghainneil DOI broken date doi-broken-date The date that the DOI was determined to be broken Ceann-là roghainneil ISBN isbn International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible Loidhne roghainneil ISSN issn International Standard Serial Number (print); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen Loidhne roghainneil eISSN eissn International Standard Serial Number (online); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen Loidhne roghainneil jfm code jfm Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code Loidhne roghainneil JSTOR jstor JSTOR identifier Loidhne roghainneil LCCN lccn Library of Congress Control Number Loidhne roghainneil MR mr Mathematical Reviews identifier Loidhne roghainneil OCLC oclc Online Computer Library Center number Àireamh roghainneil OL ol Open Library identifier Loidhne roghainneil OSTI osti Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier Loidhne roghainneil PMC pmc PubMed Center article number Àireamh roghainneil PMID pmid PubMed Unique Identifier Loidhne roghainneil RFC rfc Request for Comments number Àireamh roghainneil SSRN ssrn Social Science Research Network Loidhne roghainneil Zbl zbl Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier Loidhne roghainneil id id A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable Loidhne roghainneil URL access level url-access Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited') Sreang roghainneil Archive URL archive-url archiveurl The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate' Loidhne roghainneil Archive date archive-date archivedate Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink Ceann-là roghainneil URL access date access-date accessdate The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink Ceann-là roghainneil Registration registration If the reference requires registration, type 'yes' to notify the reader. Sreang roghainneil Subscription subscription If the reference requires a subscription, type 'yes' to notify the reader. Sreang roghainneil Lay summary URL lay-url layurl laysummary URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; alias of 'laysummary' Loidhne roghainneil Lay source lay-source laysource Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash Sreang roghainneil Lay date lay-date laydate Date of the summary; displays in parentheses Ceann-là roghainneil Quote quote Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation Susbaint roghainneil Postscript postscript The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none' Bun-roghainn . Loidhne roghainneil Ref ref An Anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'Harvard citation' generates an Anchor suitable for the Harvard citation and sfn templates Loidhne roghainneil Separator separator The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc.; a space must be encoded as   to suppress use reserved keyword 'none' Bun-roghainn . Loidhne roghainneil Content deliverer (i.e. Database) via Provider of the article (not the publisher), usually an aggregator of journal articles or a repository Ball-eisimpleir JSTOR, Project MUSE, Elsevier Science Direct Sreang molta Bibcode access level bibcode-access If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'. Sreang roghainneil DOI access level doi-access If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'. Sreang roghainneil HDL access level hdl-access If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'. Sreang roghainneil Jstor access level jstor-access If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'. Sreang roghainneil OpenLibrary access level ol-access If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'. Sreang roghainneil HDL access level osti-access If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'. Sreang roghainneil

Iomraidhean - References